Introduction to the news

Behind TV News

The Reporter (on location) - the news reporter gathers up to date news and information to keep the audience/watchers informed on the updates/about important events and what is going on. Reporters can gather information in various of different ways; personal interviews, contacts, wire services (news transmitted through satellite dishes), news-briefings, and question-and-answer periods. A news reporter gather this information to be broadcasted to the public. They do this buy advertising through Newspapers, Magazines, Television and also radio stations rely on news correspondents to keep their readers, viewers and listeners informed. 

The Presenter(s) (the studio) - a presenter works at the front line of television and also introduces and host programmes, reads the news out, interview certain people and report on (their) issues and events, that are appropriate. Some presenters (not all) may work with/on a range of programmes or specialise in a particular type such as, current affairs. The calm and relaxed manned of successful presenters make the job seem easier than it really is. During a typical production the presenter may work closely with the director, floor manager, camera operators and sound operators.

Director (studio ~ control centre) - the director is the person who is in charge or directing and the directs of the film. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design and the creative aspects of film-making. The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized. Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners. Some directors edit or appear in their films, or compose the music score for their films.

Producer (creative construction decisions) - a producer plays an integral role in the television, film and video industries they will oversee each project from conception to completion and may also be involved in the marketing and distribution processes. Producers work closely with the directors and other production staff on a shoot. Increasingly, they need to have directing skills as they may be the director and be in charge of all project operations. Producers arrange funding for each project and are responsible for keeping the production within the allocated budget.

Camera Operator (on-location or in studio) - a television camera operator works with digital, electronic and film cameras and produces pictures for directors by combining the use of complex technology with creative visual skills. A camera operator may specialise in any or all of the following areas:
- in a studio
- on location
- outside broadcasts.
A camera operator usually works under a director or director of photography and may be supported by a camera assistant. The role involves a mix of technical and creative skills.

Editor 1 - craft editor (post production)
Editor 2 - Prospects list                       - Film editing is part of the creative post-production process of film making. The term film editing is derived from the traditional process of working with film, but now increasingly involves the use of digital technology. The film editor works with the raw footage, selecting shots and combining them into sequences to create a finished motion picture. Film editing is described as an art or skill, the only art that is unique to cinema, separating film-making from other art forms that preceded it, although there are close parallels to the editing process in other art forms like poetry or novel writing. 

Part 1:
I watched a clip from BBC News which was called - '"We played dead"' says Tunisia beach attack survivor - BBC News.'
During this broadcast there was only one story that was covered and this was the Tunisian beach attack which had happened this year during June.
Throughout the entire broadcast a woman named Angela Evans, from King's Lynn in Norfolk, talks about her horrific experience during the beach attack and claims she 'played dead' and 'had her face down in the sand' she did this to save herself and her neighbour from being shot and possibly dying. During Angela explaining her story because of the way it is being filmed, sitting by herself explaining exactly what happened in a low tone voice, you feel her emotions and begin to feel how she is feeling, upset.


Part 2:
A woman aged 54 years old whose name is Kay Burley.

A newsreader/presenter is a person who presents the news during a program (news) or on television. Their role is to always keep their audiences informed by presenting information or/and entertainment in an accessible and attractive way.

There are various of skills needed, for example;
1. Make general contact with the audience and other people around you show them that you're enjoying their company
2. To have an outgoing attractive and strong personality, being confident is definitely important
3. Make sure to have great communication skills and to be sure to have a good understanding of the entire production that is being processed.
4. Make sure you have excellent skills in both oral communication, written communication and presentation.  

Part 3:
News ordering - to order the news to make sure the audience is watching, listening and staying interested until the broadcast has finished.
The term for a list of broadcasts is called a running order.
The first story is called the leading story this is because it is the most important story compared to all the other stories and all the other stories which follow the lead story are ranked in terms to interest to the audience and to keep them occupied. They round up these news stories towards the end of the broadcast. The last story is known as the "and finally" story which is lighter news than the others. This is because the news changes all the time therefore you need to be ready for any changes that can be made to fit in the broadcast this way the reporters and director will need to think of how to change things around it. A slow news day is when news editors publish trivial stories due to the lack of more substantial topics. 

Part 4:
Bias through Selection and Omission - An editor can express a bias by choosing to use or not to use a specific new item. Within a given story, some details can be ignored, and others included, to give readers or viewers a different opinion about the events reported for example;during a speech if a few people boo from the audience the reaction, they can be ignored as a handful of dissidents.

Bias through Placement/Order - An advertising technique used by companies to subtly promote their products through a non-traditional advertising technique usually through appearances in film, television or other media for example; Coca-Cola could pay a given fee to have the title character drinking a bottle or can of Coke instead of a Pepsi beverage.

Bias through Headlines - A headline’s purpose is to draw attention to the story very quickly and briefly. It is generally written by a copy editor, but may also be written by the writer, the page layout designer or other editors. It not only tells the reader what the news story is, this headline gives the opinion on a particular subject for example; The Wall Street Journal’s “Court Backs Loaded Guns in Public” contains the reporter/editor’s opinion.  It not only tells the reader what the news story is, this headline gives the opinion that the Court made the wrong decision; has created a dangerous situation. 

Bias through Shot selection and Camera angles - Pictures can make people look different to what they actually are. The photo's that the newspapers choose to use can heavily influence the public's perception of a person or event as they can be misleading and sometimes even wrong. Names and Captions often use labels or titles to describe someone in a story, like for criminals they conjure up a name that is often scary/ interesting, just like 'Jack the Ripper.'

Bias through Names and Captions (how you describe an individual) - News often use titles and captions to describe people, places and events. In many places around the world one person's friend is another person's enemy therefore peoples opinions vary when hearing a certain caption or name.

Bias through the use of Language (phrasing and emotive language etc) - The use of labels such as “terrorist,” “revolutionary,” or “freedom fighter” can create completely different impressions of the same person or event. People can be influenced by the use of positive or negative words on a topic or on a person.